Autoimmune limbic encephalitis is a neurological syndrome in which autoantibodies attack the amygdala, hypothalamus, and other limbic structures. The inflammatory process results in impaired obsessive-compulsive behavior, depression, epileptic seizures, and memory loss.
Today there are more than 30 types of antibodies, which can be divided into two main groups:
• paraneoplastic, or onconeural;
• nonparaneoplastic.
The disease is difficult to treat, but the earlier treatment begins, the better the prognosis. With timely therapy and a comprehensive approach, it is often possible to achieve complete recovery and restoration of all functions of the limbic structures.
SymptomsA specific feature of autoimmune limbic encephalitis is that the clinical picture develops subacutely (within a few weeks). The most common symptoms of the pathology include the following:
• loss of short-term memory;
• depressive disorders;
• apathy;
• epileptic seizures;
• psychomotor agitation;
• confusion;
• hallucinations, etc.
Dyskinesia, excessive sleepiness, hyperthermia, and marked cognitive impairment may also be of concern. If at least some of these symptoms occur, it is worth making an appointment with a physician without delay.
