In primary immunodeficiency caused by various genetic abnormalities, there is immune insufficiency. In other words, the immune system is not able to fully perform its functions, so any infection can pose a serious threat to human health. Minor immunodeficiencies, in which there is a decrease in resistance to certain types of microorganisms, are more common.
Clinical picture: when to see a doctor
All clinical manifestations of minor and primary immunodeficiencies can be divided into three main syndromes:
1. Infectious syndrome. The patient is disturbed by frequent relapses of infectious diseases. In most cases, these are tonsillitis, cystitis, urethritis, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, and pathologies caused by fungal infections. Helminth infestations are not uncommon.
2. Immune tolerance disorders syndrome. Symptoms can manifest as various allergic reactions, and in some cases, even pseudoallergic complications. Autoimmune disorders affect the peripheral and central nervous system, leading to the development of neuritis, neuropathy, autoimmune encephalitis, and other pathologies. Inflammatory dermatoses, psoriasis, nonspecific ulcerative colitis, and other immune-inflammatory processes are not uncommon.
3. Neoplastic syndrome. Lymphomas, carcinomas, and other types of neoplasms can develop.
Also, patients with this diagnosis may present with impaired fertility, infertility, the occurrence of side effects to vaccinations, and intolerance to certain medications.
