Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a chronic CNS disease accompanied by paroxysmal states (non-convulsive and convulsive) as well as gradual specific personality changes. In the absence of proper and timely treatment, the pathology can lead to epileptic dementia.

Epilepsy develops mainly in infancy and young adulthood (up to 20 years), but it can also occur in older people. Everyone should be aware of the main signs of the disease because, with timely and correct treatment, the pathological process can be localized.

And if all the doctor's recommendations are followed, 75% of patients manage to achieve complete recovery.
You should also know that epilepsy in children is more malignant and leads more quickly to a decrease in intelligence, speech impairment, and even loss of skills.

The following types of epilepsy are distinguished:

• temporal median;
• refractory;
• immune-dependent forms;
• epilepsy resulting from cerebral folate deficiency.

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Symptoms and signs

It is believed that the main sign of the disease is a sudden seizure, but this symptom is not present in every patient. Other types of seizures may also indicate the development of CNS disease:
1. Generalized. This is a commonly known seizure that begins with full-body muscle tension and short-term respiratory retention. Spontaneous urination is possible. Then there is a seizure, which lasts 10-20 seconds, after which the patient regains consciousness and has no memory of what happened. Drowsiness may occur.
2. Seizure-free. Observed mainly in children 5-7 years old. The patient freezes for 10-20 seconds, becomes aloof and does not react to external stimuli.
3. Atonic. Characterized by sudden muscle tone and often by falls.
4. Infantile spasm. It is manifested by unconsciously folding the arms around the chest, straightening the legs, and tilting the head or the entire torso forward. It occurs mostly in children 2-3 years old. It usually occurs in the morning and lasts a few seconds.

Other signs of epilepsy that should be seen by a doctor:
• seizure-like mood disorders;
• night terrors in children;
• polarity of behavior — a person is sometimes friendly and friendly, then selfish and spiteful.

Reasons

In 60% of patients, it is impossible to identify the cause of the disease. In this case, they talk about primary or idiopathic epilepsy.

Diagnostic methods

When you first contact the doctor studies in detail the complaints and anamnesis of the patient, specifies when the attack occurred, under what circumstances, how long it lasted, if there are any patients with epilepsy in the family.
The gold standard for diagnosing epilepsy is electroencephalography (EEG). In order to identify the causes and possible comorbidities, the doctor may additionally prescribe laboratory tests, MRI of the brain. The data obtained allow you to accurately determine the diagnosis and choose an effective therapy plan.
At VIVERE, you can undergo all the necessary examinations with modern equipment at an optimal price. Comprehensive diagnostics allows you to identify and eliminate the cause of the disease, preventing its progression and complication.

Prevention

There are no specific methods to prevent the disease. Measures aimed at the prevention of head injuries, brain and cerebral membrane infections, correct management of pregnancy and childbirth help to reduce the risk of epilepsy.

The following conditions can cause secondary epilepsy:

head injuries;
hypoxia in the prenatal and postpartum period;
a stroke suffered;
infections of the brain and cerebral membranes;
genetic abnormalities;
tumors;
cerebral folate deficiency;
mitochondrial disorders.

Treatment

Doctors of VIVERE Medical Center choose epilepsy treatment individually for each patient, taking into account the cause of epilepsy, the type, and frequency of epilepsy seizures, and the patient's age. The therapy is aimed at reducing the number of seizures and complete elimination of the pathology.
Follow-up and treatment is provided by a specialist neurologist-epileptologist who has regular appointments at the clinic. For treatment, monotherapy with a single antiepileptic drug is usually prescribed. However, sometimes a simultaneous prescription of 2-3 drugs is necessary. Treatment of epilepsy is usually long, but in most cases, it allows to achieve stable remission. The doctor monitors the patient throughout his life, monitors his EEG and the level of plasma concentrations of antiepileptic drugs.
However, there are also resistant forms of epilepsy that do not respond to conservative therapy. In this case, surgical treatment is considered.

Recommendations

If you notice symptoms that may indicate epilepsy in yourself or a loved one, do not waste your precious time — make an appointment with a specialist at VIVERE. Only a doctor can make an accurate differential diagnosis. Early detection and timely treatment increases the chances of full recovery.

Cost

The cost is determined depending on the methods of diagnosis and therapy. A team of professionals will work with the patient: neurologist, psychiatrist, epileptologist.
You can make an appointment by phone or through the online form on the website.

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Оксана

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Electroencephalography (EEG) in children and adults for differential diagnosis of seizures and epileptiform states in various diseases, as well as dynamic monitoring during specific therapy.

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