Trigeminal neuralgia

Trigeminal neuralgia (or trigeminal neuralgia (TN)) — is a disease that develops due to lesions of the fifth pair of cranial nerves and is accompanied by acute episodes of piercing facial pain. Periods of remission and exacerbation are characteristic of TN. 
If not treated properly, aimed at identifying and eliminating the cause, paroxysms can lead to temporary or even permanent disability.
Statistically, facial neuralgia occurs more frequently in women than in men. In 70% of clinical cases, right-sided lesions are diagnosed, 29% are left-sided and another 1% are bilateral neuralgia.

Symptoms and signs of TN

The main manifestation of trigeminal neuralgia is an acute piercing excruciating pain comparable to an electric shock. The frequency of attacks may reach 100 episodes per day, which last for up to 2 minutes. The pain is usually localized in the area of impaired innervation of one of the sensory branches of the trigeminal nerve. It may be intensified by chewing, pressing, touching.

Other symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia:
    • pain in the teeth on the respective side;
    • lacrimation;
    • redness of the face and sclerae;
    • nasal discharge;
    • facial paresthesias (impaired sensitivity - burning, the crawling sensation of goosebumps, etc.).

It is important to make an appointment to see a doctor at the first signs of the disease. Delay can cause the inflammatory process to spread to larger areas of the facial nerve and lead to complications. The earlier treatment begins, the better the prognosis and the better the chances of a full recovery.

Reasons

In most cases, the pain syndrome is caused by compression of the trigeminal nerve trunk by an arterial loop. The causes of the disease may be:
    • vascular and nerve conflict in the pontocerebellar angle (nerve root compression by an abnormal vascular loop);
    • herpesvirus infection (HV1, HV2, HV5, HV6, VZV);
    • demyelination of the nerve trunk in the area of entry into the brain;
    • structural changes in the skull due to frequent inflammations of the sinuses;
    • tumors of the pontocerebellar angle;
    • hypothermia;
    • vascular pathologies accompanied by thickening of their walls (hypertension, atherosclerosis);
    • multiple sclerosis;
    • poor-quality performance of dental manipulations.

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Diagnostic methods

During the initial consultation, the doctor examines the patient's history and complaints in detail and performs an objective examination. To confirm the diagnosis and determine the cause of facial neuralgia, VIVERE CLINIC patients are assigned a comprehensive examination. It may include:
    • general and biochemical blood tests;
    • PCR;
    • MRI of the base of the brain and the cerebellopontine corners;
    • electroneuromyography;
    • MRI;
    • X-rays of the appendicular sinuses.

Doctors at our medical center tailor a diagnostic program for each patient aimed not just at confirming the diagnosis, but at determining the cause of trigeminal neuralgia. This approach allows us to find the source of the problem and eliminate it, thus preventing relapses and serious complications.
All diagnostic procedures can be performed in our clinic without the need to go to other laboratories. 

Prevention

Prevention and timely treatment of inflammatory diseases of the sinuses, herpesvirus infections, vascular abnormalities will help to reduce the risk of facial neuralgia. It is also worth avoiding severe hypothermia and seeing a qualified dentist for dental treatment.

Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia

VIVERE CLINIC specialists are guided by international protocols and use treatments with proven efficacy. Preference is given to gentle conservative methods aimed at eradicating the cause of neuralgia rather than simply alleviating the patient's condition.
Drug therapy for trigeminal neuralgia may include such medications:
    • anticonvulsants;
    • antidepressants;
    • antispasmodics;
    • corticosteroids as indicated;
    • vitamin complexes.

In most cases, conservative therapy can achieve complete recovery. If it is ineffective, surgical treatment of trigeminal neuralgia is considered advisable.

Recommendations

Without proper and timely treatment, trigeminal neuralgia can lead to conjunctivitis, contractures, involuntary contraction, or dystrophy of the facial muscles. Therefore, it is worth making an appointment with a neurologist and undergoing a comprehensive examination when symptoms of the disease appear.

Cost

At VIVERE CLINIC, patients have access to innovative diagnostic and treatment methods that allow them to find and eliminate the cause of disease, thus achieving complete recovery. The appointments are led by qualified physicians with extensive practical experience, who work closely together and jointly select the therapeutic tactics for each patient.
The price of services is listed in the price list. The final cost of examination and treatment is formed individually because it depends on the methods used.
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